15 August 2019, WSJ: U.S. Arranges Secret Talks Between Israel, U.A.E. Over Iran
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/15/us/politics/us-iran-uae-israel.html
Aug 15, 2019
The U.S. Has Joined Secret Talks With Israel and the U.A.E. The Topic? Iran.
By Lara Jakes and Edward Wong
WASHINGTON -- The United States is participating in secret talks between the United Arab Emirates and Israel to confront threats posed by Iran, a shared adversary among the three countries.
The talks aim to broaden cooperation for military and intelligence sharing between the United Arab Emirates and Israel, two cautiously allied Middle Eastern nations, a foreign official with knowledge of the diplomacy said on Thursday.
The United Arab Emirates and Israel already share some security connections, experts said, and have held below-the-radar discussions in the past. Both view Iran as a top threat to the region, and Israel has sold fighter jet upgrades and spyware to the United Arab Emirates. [1]
But including the United States in a new phase of security talks could signal the United Arab Emirates' intent to demonstrate their commitment to the Trump administration's so-called maximum pressure campaign against Iran -- even as Emirati officials have stepped back from some of their own hard-line policies targeting Tehran.
The three-sided talks, which were first reported by The Wall Street Journal, [2] grew out of a February conference in Warsaw that was billed as a Middle East security forum but was used by the Trump administration to push its campaign against Iran. Since then, the three allies have met twice.
The foreign official confirmed the talks were being coordinated by Brian H. Hook, the senior State Department envoy on Iran issues. The official spoke on the condition of anonymity to confirm the secret discussions.
Neither the State Department nor the Israeli Embassy in Washington responded to requests for comment, and Emirati officials refused to discuss the issue.
Last month, the United Arab Emirates pulled most of their forces [3] from Yemen after years of supporting Saudi Arabia's efforts there against Houthi rebels supported by Iran. Emirati officials also recently held maritime security talks with Tehran.
Emirati officials are trying to "strike a very careful balancing act," said Ilan Goldenberg, the director of the Middle East Security Program at the Center for a New American Security.
"They want to signal to the Trump administration and members of Congress -- especially Republicans -- that they aren't walking away from the administration's policies and the maximum pressure campaign against Iran," he said.
The Trump administration's campaign against Iran has been met with mixed success since the United States withdrew in May 2018 [4] from a nuclear accord between Tehran and world powers.
United States sanctions have stopped Iran from exporting oil and other goods to foreign buyers, starving its economy. But the economic constraints have also irritated American allies and other nations that had sought to open markets in Iran.
On Thursday, in a sign of the diplomatic strain, the authorities in Gibraltar released an Iranian oil tanker that the United States had sought to seize. Gibraltar is a semiautonomous British territory.
The United Arab Emirates and other Arab states are generally careful to avoid appearing too close to Israel, given longstanding disputes over the rights of Palestinians and access to the Al Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, one of the holiest sites in Islam.
Mr. Goldenberg said it was surprising that Emirati officials would agree to allow the United States into the longstanding and secretive talks with Israel.
"It is a sign they are willing to lean further forward, that they are not as worried about secrecy as they were," said Mr. Goldenberg, who worked on regional security issues at the State Department and Pentagon during the Obama administration.
[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/02/world/middleeast/crown-prince-mohammed-bin-zayed.html
[2] https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-arranges-secret-talks-between-israel-u-a-e-over-iran-11565870404
[3] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/11/world/middleeast/yemen-emirates-saudi-war.html
[4] https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/08/world/middleeast/trump-iran-nuclear-deal.html